Stephen Langton

Stephen Langton was an Eng­lish Car­di­nal of the Roman Catholic Church and Arch­bishop of Can­ter­bury in the 13th century. He ordered Jewish people to wear a distinctive badge.

Stephen Langton's Edict
“That the Jews do not keep Christian servants ... Let them not be permitted to build any more synagogues, but be looked upon as debtors to the churches of the parishes wherein they reside, as to tithes and offerings.

To prevent likewise the mixture of Jewish men and women with Christians of each sex, we charge by authority of the general council, that the Jews of both sexes wear a linen cloth, two inches broad and four fingers long, of a different colour from their own clothes on their upper garments before their breast ; and that they may be compelled to this by ecclesiastical censure. And let them not presume to enter into any church.”, Stephen Langton's edict.