Persecution of Jews in Italy

Roman and Eastern Roman emperors
Under Christian emperors, Jews were persecuted in the Roman and Eastern Roman Empires, including forced conversions to Christianity, forbidding Jews from marrying Christians, restricting Jews from holding public office, and Jews weren't allowed to own slaves.

Ambrose of Milan
During the 4th century, Bishop Ambrose of Milan was hateful toward Jews and blamed them for the death of Jesus Christ.

Victor of Palermo
In 598, Bishop Victor of Palermo confiscated synagogues and converted them to churches.

Ostrogothic Kingdom
A Christian mob burned down synagogues in Ravenna in 519.

Papacy
The popes of the papacy have made laws restricting Jewish people, which includes Jews being prohibited from holding public office (1078, 1215, and 1442), prohibited from the construction of synagogues (1442 and 1555), prohibited from testifying against Christians (1442), forced to live in ghettos (1555, 1775, 1823, and 1850), forced to wear a Jewish badge and hat (1215, 1218, and 1555), and expelled from the Papal States (1569 and 1593). Pope Benedict VIII (1012-1024) and Pope Paul IV (1555-1559) ordered the execution of a number of Jews.

Frederick II
King Frederick II of Sicily in 1310 prohibited Jewish doctors from attending to Christian patients in Sicily and in 1312 ordered Jews to live outside the city wall of Palermo in a ghetto.

Jewish ghettos
Ghettos were established for Jews in Palermo in 1312, Venice in 1516, Rome in 1555, Florence and Siena in 1571, Mirandola and Verona in 1602, Padua in 1603, Mantua in 1612, Rovigo in 1613, Ferrara in 1624, Urbino, Pesaro, and Senigallia in 1634, Modena in 1638, Lugo and Cento in 1639, Este in 1666, Reggio Emilia in 1670, Conegliano Veneto in 1675, Turin in 1679, Casale Monferrato in 1724, Vercelli in 1725, Acqui in 1731, Moncalvo in 1732, Finale in 1736, and Correggio in 1779.

Modica massacre
In 1474, hundreds of Jews are killed by a Christian mob in Modica.

Blood libels
Jews were forcibly converted and killed in Trani in the 1290s after a blood libel, which falsely accuses Jews of having killed a Christian child for a ritual. In 1475, Jews were falsely accused in a blood libel for the death of Simon of Trent and over a dozen Jews were killed.