Persecution of Jews in the Netherlands

Roman emperors
Under Christian emperors, Jews were persecuted in the Roman Empire, which included forbidding Jews from marrying Christians, restricting Jewish ownership of slaves, and punishing those that converted from Christianity to Judaism.

Frankish kings
King of the Franks, Chlothar II in 614 forbade Jews to serve in any military or administrative office. His successor Dagobert I demanded that Jews convert to Christianity or leave his dominions in 629. Those that did not convert or leave his dominions were killed.

Crusaders
During the abortive Crusade of 1308 and 1309, Crusaders laid siege to Born Castle near Sittard and killed over a hundred Jews.

Persecution of Jews during the Black Death
Jews were falsely blamed for the Black Death or bubonic plague pandemic in Europe during the mid-1300s. They were persecuted and massacred. Jews were often used by Christians to blame due to their resentment of them considering the antisemitic Christian belief that Jews as a people hold the responsibility for killing Jesus Christ or Jewish deicide. Many Jews were murdered in Austria, Belgium, France, Germany, Poland, Spain, Switzerland, and the Netherlands.

Expulsion from Utrecht
Jews were expelled from the city of Utrecht in 1444.

Charles V
In 1522, Holy Roman Emperor Charles V issued a proclamation against Jews that have not been baptized in Gelderland and Utrecht. He repeated these edicts in 1545 and 1549.